Unlock the Power of TypeScript in Nuxt.js Applications
Why Choose TypeScript?
Writing JavaScript code in TypeScript can significantly reduce errors and facilitate collaboration among developers. Nuxt.js provides built-in support for TypeScript, but to fully leverage its features, you need to rely on a few other libraries. In this tutorial, we’ll explore how to build Nuxt apps in TypeScript, covering installation, configuration, and coding.
Getting Started with Nuxt.js and TypeScript
To begin, install Nuxt.js using the following command:
npx create-nuxt-app <app-name>
Choose the universal app and select the defaults for the remaining options. After creating the app, navigate to the app directory and install the required packages:
npm install --save-dev @nuxt/typescript-build
Configuring TypeScript
Create a tsconfig.json file and add the following configuration:
{
"compilerOptions": {
"outDir": "dist",
"sourceMap": true,
"noImplicitAny": true,
"moduleResolution": "node",
"esModuleInterop": true,
"allowSyntheticDefaultImports": true
}
}
Additionally, create a vue-shim.d.ts file to enable TypeScript support for Vue.js.
Writing TypeScript Code
Now that we have set up our project, let’s write some TypeScript code to verify everything is working correctly. We can use either the Options API style (vanilla) or the class-based components style.
Options API (Vanilla)
This approach involves basic typing, similar to JavaScript code. We can define return types for computed properties and methods, arguments passed to watchers, and methods.
Class-Based API
To leverage advanced typing using classes and decorators, we’ll use the nuxt-property-decorator library. This library internally uses vue-property-decorator, vue-class-component, and vuex-class and adds more Nuxt-specific decorators.
Initializing a Class
Use the following code to initialize a class:
“`
import { Component } from ‘nuxt-property-decorator’;
@Component
export default class MyClass {
// class implementation
}
“`
Using Data, Props, Computed Properties, Methods, Watchers, and Emit
We can use TypeScript to define data properties, props, computed properties, methods, watchers, and emit events in our Vue component.
Mixins
To create mixins in TypeScript, first create a mixin file that contains the data you want to share with other components. Then, import the mixin file and use it in your Vue component.
Vuex
To create a Vuex store with TypeScript decorators, we’ll use the vuex-module-decorators library. This library provides decorators for Module, Mutation, and Action.
Using Vuex in Components
To use Vuex in our components, we’ll use the vuex-class library, which provides decorators to bind State, Getter, Mutation, and Action.
Conclusion
By following this tutorial, you’ve learned how to create a Nuxt.js application completely in TypeScript using official and third-party libraries to fully leverage the typing and custom decorator features. With TypeScript, you’ll have fewer bugs in your code and smoother code collaboration between developers.
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