The Power of Spacing in Design Systems

What is a Spatial System?

A spatial system is a collection of design guidelines that coordinate the spacing, sizing, and measurement of UI components in white space. It ensures uniformity and consistency, enhancing the user experience.

There are four types of spatial systems:

• 4-Point Grid System: A rigid grid layout based on incrementing space values by multiples of four.
• 8-Point Grid System: Similar to the 4-point grid system, but with increments of eight.
• Simple Grid System: Built on a 12-column rule, with each row having 12 columns.
• Flexbox Grid System: Derived from the basic CSS flex display property.

Implementing a Spatial System

Before adding a spatial system to your design, specify a base unit. This will help you evaluate which spatial system to use. Consider the following variables:

• User Need: How will users interact with your design? Do they require larger typography or less space?
• Adaptability: Can your design be displayed in various formats, such as landscape or portrait?
• Responsiveness: Is your design flexible and adaptable to changing circumstances?
• Strictness: Is your design difficult to adapt to changes?

Standardizing Spacing

To standardize spacing, use a consistent unit of measurement, such as pixels or ems. Consider using a grid system as a component, rather than just a space. Name dimensions for easy reuse, and scale with fixed increments.

/* Example of standardizing spacing using CSS */
.grid-container {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(12, 1fr);
  grid-gap: 10px;
}

.grid-item {
  grid-column: span 3;
  padding: 10px;
}

Best Practices for Spacing Components

1. Create a Wireframe: Map out the information hierarchy and white space before designing.
2. Use the Gestalt Principle: Communicate information effectively through the use of space.
3. Set Memorable Base Numbers: Use a consistent numbering system for easy prediction.
4. Scale with Fixed Increments: Make it easy to figure out the next value in a sequence.
5. Name Dimensions: Use meaningful names for measurements, rather than just numbers.
6. Use the Grid as a Component: Manage space effectively, even when using grids.
7. Handle Overwriting Default Line Height: Ensure consistent line height, especially with varying font sizes.
8. Organize Content and Visual Hierarchy: Prioritize the arrangement of information for effective communication.