Unlocking the Power of C++ Structures: A Step-by-Step Guide

Understanding the Basics

To grasp the concept of this example, you’ll need a solid foundation in C++ programming, specifically in structures, if statements, and nested if…else statements.

Declaring a Structure: Distance

Let’s dive into a practical example. Imagine we want to store distances in the inch-feet system using a C++ structure. We’ll create a structure called Distance with two data members: inch and feet. This structure will hold the distance values entered by the user.

struct Distance {
    int inch;
    int feet;
};

Adding Distances Using Structures

In our program, we’ll declare two structure variables, d1 and d2, to store the user-input distances. We’ll also create a sum variable to store the sum of these distances. But here’s the twist: we need to convert inches to feet if the inch value of the sum variable exceeds 12.

Distance d1, d2, sum;

Converting Inches to Feet

To achieve this, we’ll employ an if statement. The int variable extra will store the extra feet gained due to the inch value being greater than 12. We’ll calculate this by dividing sum.inch by 12. Next, we’ll add the extra feet to sum.feet. Finally, we’ll recalculate the true value of sum.inch by subtracting extra * 12 from its initial value.

if (sum.inch > 12) {
    int extra = sum.inch / 12;
    sum.feet += extra;
    sum.inch -= extra * 12;
}

Take Your Skills to the Next Level

Explore more C++ programming examples and tutorials to further develop your skills:

• C++ Program to Store and Display Information Using Structure
• C++ Program to Store Information of a Student in a Structure