Unleashing the Power of Strings in Go
What is a String?
A string is a sequence of characters, such as “Golang”, which comprises individual characters like G, o, l, a, n, and g. In Go, strings are represented using double quotes. For instance, name1 and name2 are strings with the value “Go Programming”.
Accessing Characters in a String
Since a string is a sequence of characters, we can access individual characters using index numbers, just like arrays. Remember, the index starts from 0, not 1. For example, name[0] returns the first character, name[3] returns the fourth character, and name[8] returns the ninth (last) character.
Finding the Length of a String
To find the length of a string, we use the len() function, which returns the number of characters present inside the string.
Joining Strings Together
In Go, we can use the + operator to concatenate strings together. For example, we can join three strings: message1, " ", and message2.
Golang String Methods
The strings package provides various methods to perform different operations on strings. To use these methods, we must first import the strings package in our code.
Comparing Two Strings
We use the Compare() method of the strings package to compare two strings. The function returns -1 if the first string is smaller, 1 if the second string is greater, and 0 if both strings are equal.
Checking for Substrings
To check if a substring is present inside a string, we use the Contains() method of the strings package.
Replacing Strings
We use the Replace() method to replace a string. For example, we can replace a character “r” with “t” in a given string.
Changing Case
The strings package provides ToUpper() and ToLower() methods to change the case of a string.
Splitting Strings
We can split a string into multiple substrings using the Split() method.
Other String Operations
In Go, we can also use the == operator to compare two strings, which returns true if they are equal and false if they are not. We can also create a string by joining all the elements of a string slice using the Join() method.
Escape Sequences
We use escape characters to escape some characters present inside a string. For example, we can use the \ character to include double quotes inside a string.
Immutable Strings
In Go, strings are immutable, meaning once we create a string, we cannot change it. Instead, we create a new string by modifying the original one.